Multiplicity But Simplicity | Introducing the 4-2-5 Defense
Way back in 1997, as a defensive coordinator for New Mexico under head coach Dennis Franchione, Gary Patterson wrote a paper about the 4-2-5 defense, Multiplicity But Simplicity: Why the 4-2-5 Defense. This is a seven-part look at the 4-2-5 defense and trying to figure out how it all works.
Introduction.
Sizing up the defenses.
Create offensive confusion at the line of scrimmage.
Play with great leverage.
Establish the eight man front.
Establish a pressure package.
The five spoke secondary.
Patterson's paper is a bit dated, in fact it's about 14 years old, but the concepts still ring true and although I'm sure that Patterson has tweaked some of these ideas, I'm willing to bet that the core concepts are still true and still taught each and every day. TCU head coach, Gary Patterson, at one time was an assistant coach for then New Mexico head coach Dennis Franchione, and Patterson was preaching the 4-2-5 concept way back in 1997.
Since Glasgow was hired, I knew that I wanted to write about the 4-2-5 defense and this is the first time that I'm dipping my toe into trying to explain a particular scheme. Go easy on me.
A bulk of this series will focus on each of these five principles that Patterson touts in his paper and any other topics that I can think of:
To accomplish these five goals, we use five basic principles within the 4-2-5 to give our players a chance to succeed:1. Create offensive confusion at the line of scrimmage.
2. Play with great leverage.
3. Establish the eight man front.
4. Establish a pressure package.
5. The five spoke secondary.
The thing to keep in mind with all of this is that you need to read Patterson's paper. All of it. I'll be honest, there are so many interesting things to consider that you'll understand so much better if you read the entire paper, but for our purposes, I thought it would be best to break these down on each of these principles, the introduction (which is this post) and taking a look at the size of the TCU defense versus the proposed size of the Texas Tech defense. Although this may not be a surprise to anyone, the TCU defense wasn't small and I was somewhat hoping to dis-prove the idea that the 4-2-5 defense is a small defense, and at least when Patterson is running the defense.
I wanted to start off with the five goals for Patterson's defense:
1. Out hit the opponent.
2. Stop the run.
3. Create takeaways.
4. Eliminate big plays.
5. Don’t flinch.
There are times that I think that so much of this stuff is coach-speak. I think to the average fan, these 5 things sound generic and I wonder how applicable it actually is to the player, but the more I think about it, this is a coach and it's a paper to coaches about what he teaches. I think it's easy to ignore stuff like this, but we shouldn't because I would almost best that despite the fact that these things are not real "technical" when it comes to running a defense, they're still important concepts and I'd almost guarantee that Glasgow has the same goals that he preaches on defense.
There is no doubt that "out hitting your opponent" should be on every wall and in every player's locker. The one thing that's always seemed to be the case is that the Texas Tech defense was not overly aggressive and there were times where I felt that the Texas Tech defense was being out-hit. Personally, I wonder whether or not a part of this is not quite having the athletes that other teams seem to have, but out-hitting an opponent shouldn't have much to do with whether or not a team has elite players.
A lot of defenses work from the inside-out and Patterson and it's a mantra that defensive coaches will repeat, which is that we have to stop the run. Patterson actually means it though. This is a simple concept and it's one that I think we can all get behind. Of course, Big 12 defenses are more passing than running teams, but still, it's not uncommon to think that a defense wants to limit the run and that means that a team must be physical along the defensive line. And if you want proof, TCU finished 2nd in rush defense in 2006, 11th in 2007, 1st in 2008, 3rd in 2009 and 5th in 2010 (please click on cfbstats.com because the good folks there made figuring this out incredibly easy).
For me, I think #3 and #4 go together: create takeaways and eliminate big plays. Teams that create turnovers provide additional opportunities for the offense, which is always a good thing. The thing is that this isn't always a consistent. In 2010, TCU recovered 22 turnovers, good for 58th in the country, 25 turnovers in 2009 for 32nd in the country, 28 turnovers in 2008 for 28th in the country. The key for TCU is that in addition to being pretty successful at recovering turnovers, they're also a team that just doesn't turn the ball over very much. That's a conversation for another day. Still, TCU creates enough turnovers to be in the top 30 teams for 2 of the last 3 years (again, thanks to cfbstats.com).
And if there's anything that Texas Tech fans can see is that the Red Raiders gave up a ton of big pass plays last year. I wish that I had a way to quantify how many big plays were actually given up, but when a defense goes from giving up 4,581 yards in 2009 to 5,932 yards in 2010 you can only assume that a good chunk of those additional 1,400 yards are big plays. To put this in perspective, on average, teams gained an additional 107 yards per game on the Texas Tech defense. That's not just bad, it's awful. Glasgow has a tough task of getting Texas Tech back to being respectable, and I'd be completely comfortable if Glasgow was able to get those 107 yards back.
Last but not least (although this is maybe the best one) is "don't flinch". I don't think I had ever thought about this concept before, but it makes sense. I don't normally do this, but I think we all what what "flinching" means, but let's get a definition:
1. To start or wince involuntarily, as from surprise or pain.
2. To recoil, as from something unpleasant or difficult; shrink.
This is it. Don't ever pull back, be aggressive. Do not avoid contact or shy away from a hit. Don't shrink. Don't get small.
Again, this is fundamental stuff, but doing the fundamental stuff is what makes teams successful. And if you listen to Glasgow and the players, I can almost guarantee that you'll hear the players echo these five goals and five principles.
And what's next? We'll delve into what Patterson means by creating confusion about the line of scrimmage. Just think about Texas Tech vs. TCU and depending on the opponent, the defensive line loves to stunt.
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This is going to be awesome!
Glad you chose to take this on Seth! This will add some nice quality time before the fall.
Yet, in some weird way, I feel like the bell just rang for summer break and as I’m bolting out of the school, with the wind in my face, into the warm bright sunlight and toward the promise of the freedom that endless hours outside of that building will bring – I can hear my teacher behind me announcing that we have a summer assignment.
4-2-5
excited to see if it will work out well this year. One thing is for sure….the defense needs to not flinch or shrink back. My wife would get so mad at me when i would yell at the tv…..“where’s their fire! where’s their passion!”
"A job well done is better than a job well said."
by I bleed Red and Black on May 11, 2011 10:58 AM CDT reply actions
I also wanted to add, but completely forgot, that I was watching the FSSW Texas Tech spring review and Glasgow was being interviewed about the defense and he said that the entire defense was installed in 3 days. There were quite a few articles this spring written about how Holgorsen implemented his offense in 3 days and how it all works. I wish they had followed this up with an additional question about how that process works, but the interviewer did not. In any event, I hope this is indicative as to how the process works, which is that if the defense can be installed in 3 days, then the remainder of the practices were spent repeating those 3 things over and over. I have a feeling that this year, we’ll see a relatively simple defense, but hopefully that simple defense will be really good at what it does.
Go Raiders . . .
Double-T Nation
Indeed that it is installed in little time and practiced more may give cred to the thought that it will be more successful than the last installation.
Living large in Texas...Texas forever.
Many of the great defensive coordinators at both the pro and collegiate level
will admit to you that coaching defense is one of those things where recruiting the right players and making sure they go into game situations with their heads screwed on the right way will make you look like a genius whether you’re running a 3-4 or a 4-3 or a 1-5-5. That’s why we saw such an appreciable improvement when Setencich was replaced by McNeil, and that’s a little of why we saw such a regression when McNeil was replaced by Willis. Glasgow seems to share that outlook.
That settles it then...
Another way to present the theorybehind playing great leverage is telling your players once the ball declares inside or outside of you, never allow it to crossback across your face.
" Answers --Become Resources."
Without Questions, There are limited Resources...
As simple as that sounds - it's pure genius from a teaching defense standpoint.
If the guy behind me can count on me not letting the ball crossback to my other side come hell or high water, odds are much greater that he will recognize and then take the best angle to help me make the tackle. How many big plays are a result of a shifty back luring two players out of position? This basic principal goes a long way to eliminating those types of miscues.
I agree.
Pursuit angle comes into play here.
Genius stuff going on here.
" Answers --Become Resources."
Without Questions, There are limited Resources...
Firstly, its Mathematics
secondly, it would be geometry
;)
Arriba sus Pistolas, Muchachos!
by Tortilla Pirate on May 12, 2011 6:35 PM CDT up reply actions
Leverage is something that I don’t think I really understood until I really started to write about it. The neat thing about leverage is that it works for both the offense and defense in that the offensive players are looking for where they have leverage, while the defense is doing the same thing.
Go Raiders . . .
Double-T Nation
which is
why the old school coaching comments are always about pad level…
"Trust your gut....mine always finds good Mexican food"
-Me
by oldschoolraider on May 12, 2011 5:04 PM CDT up reply actions
Interested to knw what you mean by that as I often say that Franchione owes Patterson and Tomlinson every dollar he ever made.
Hey Tubs this is the Wild West, Good guys wear white, were the Red Raiders we wear BLACK. ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dont buy the Espn/Disney/ABC hype ! Playoffs are just spin to hide their agenda of owning our favorite sport.
That is what I meant too.
Same goes for Parcells – he wasn’t nearly as good once he and Belichick parted ways.
Watched a lot of 4-2-5
Being in Boise, has afforded me the opportunity to see the 4-2-5 in action for the last 5-6 years. One of the major underpins to this defense is physical Safety and Nickelback play. Whomever fills the role of the Rover (either the NB or FS) has got to be the type of player that is willing to deliver big hits. Usually the Rover is the last line of defense in the run, as the front 4 engage in OL, the 2 LB’s are required to fill the remaining gaps and that leaves the Rover to play as a MLB in run situations. Now that Rover will almost never be in the typical middle ground a MLB would be in a 4-3, so he has to play about 8-10 yards from the line and really understand the flow of the play and come downhill to meet the RB. If we still had a Dwanye Slay, I would feel much more comfortable. This is a great defense in my opinion, because with the 5 DB’s it almost never leaves the defense flat footed in Play-Action or well disguised Pass plays, which will bode well in this pass happy league. In obvious Pass situations, you have the personnel on the field already and do not have mass substitutions. It really comes down to developing a player that is a DB, that plays like a really fast LB and can deliver the big hit. Look at TCU’s Tejay Johnson and BSU’s Jeron Johnson from this last year, both undersized compared to the Big 12 type player or NFL type bodies, but both were in the top 3 for tackles on their respective teams and both on defensive units that finished in the top 3 in total defense and both could bring the hammer down.
Brian Urlacher
I can just imagine how Urlacher played as the third safety. Ouch!
"I may be dumb, but I'm not stupid"- Spike Dykes
by East Redraider on May 11, 2011 12:25 PM CDT up reply actions
Why couldnt Spike parlay the Zach Thomas success into recruiting Urlacher? We would be a much different program
Hey Tubs this is the Wild West, Good guys wear white, were the Red Raiders we wear BLACK. ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dont buy the Espn/Disney/ABC hype ! Playoffs are just spin to hide their agenda of owning our favorite sport.
Much different guys in HS
Zach was a strong player that was a born linebacker/full back From what I hear, urlacher was a skinny fast kid that played safety. His development was later so he didnt get as many looks.
"I would not trade the SWARM for the wrecking crew any day of the week"- John Goodner
by East Redraider on May 13, 2011 8:53 AM CDT up reply actions
Funny you mention that because the article discusses just that kind of development.
CBs to S, S to LB etc
Hey Tubs this is the Wild West, Good guys wear white, were the Red Raiders we wear BLACK. ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dont buy the Espn/Disney/ABC hype ! Playoffs are just spin to hide their agenda of owning our favorite sport.
by Gus Mitchem on May 13, 2011 10:50 AM CDT up reply actions
I read Patterson's Paper.
One thing is for certain – it’s not very complicated on paper. If it translates as easily on the field, which a 3 day install would indicate, I may not be all that surprised if our D take a bigger step forward than I had originally thought it could.
Very smart approach considering his motivation (lessor talent at NM), and very effective solution. As we’ve seen with TCU, given better athletes, it can be very effective against top tier competition.
Here’s hoping Glasgow is as good a teacher as Patterson!
Man, this post has left me ready for football season in big way.
Don't flinch
I still remember when Slay was asked what it was that allowed him to hit so hard. His response paraphrased was that people slow down just a little bit before a hit, and that he didn’t. Awesome answer.
Slay
that guy made the most of his ability. fun to watch!
"I would not trade the SWARM for the wrecking crew any day of the week"- John Goodner
by East Redraider on May 11, 2011 12:34 PM CDT up reply actions
Slayer
Let’s all please revisit.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gmcs2y4HPBU
This was also the last year that NCAA allowed black face-masks. I think our entire entire defense wore them in 05’, so awesome.
Man I miss the days before we knew so much about Mike Leach and his baffonery, there was just an energy that transcended both sides of the ball, the entire stadium, and all of college football.
The anticipation that it would just click and we would score 35 or 42 in the second half! and embarass the hell out of your team !
Hey Tubs this is the Wild West, Good guys wear white, were the Red Raiders we wear BLACK. ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dont buy the Espn/Disney/ABC hype ! Playoffs are just spin to hide their agenda of owning our favorite sport.
Learned about his buffonery, fed a diet of anti-Leach propoganda, It depends on how you view things
I think Leach was awesome, warts and all. And the warts never looked too bad until the propoganda machine kicked into high gear to try to justify their screw-up.
You don't need a weatherman to know which way the wind blows
No Ive heard enough from the horses mouth eveyday (until I quit listening) SiriusXM Ch. 91 11AM-2PM CT !
Hey Tubs this is the Wild West, Good guys wear white, were the Red Raiders we wear BLACK. ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dont buy the Espn/Disney/ABC hype ! Playoffs are just spin to hide their agenda of owning our favorite sport.
Man I miss that guy
Slay was a guy who had a short life on the field but made you think he had been playing for 4 years at Tech.
"You've got to find your inner pirate" - Mike Leach
"We started too late" - Neal Brown
Simple wisdom
I find the comment… “The first answer offenses use to combat our movement disguise is to use the quick count. We feel this gives us anadvantage because we are now playing the offensive coordinator not the quarterback”… very interesting. Didn’t we do this to ourselves last year?
I love the disguise ability of the five spoke as described. Being able to shift coverages independently has to have an effect on the QB and receivers presnap reads.
"I may be dumb, but I'm not stupid"- Spike Dykes
by East Redraider on May 11, 2011 12:22 PM CDT reply actions
Seth..
Awesome job, and great topic. I enjoy these ‘series’ types very much, as it breaks the USA today mold of going past generalities and one paragraph.
It’s like a preacher having a good sermon series…you have found gold. Would be curious for someone with coaching cred talk about how close the Patterson 4-2-5 was to spikes defense with the raiderback.
"Trust your gut....mine always finds good Mexican food"
-Me
by oldschoolraider on May 11, 2011 8:05 PM CDT via mobile reply actions
Nice catch on the Raiderback!
Seems as though Patterson and Dykes may have attended a few seminars together. Would also love to have someone smarter than me give some analysis.
you guys talking about a nickelback...
who can knock the piss out of someone? because the third safety in a 4-2-5 and a nickel rover are basically one and the same
by mojavereject on May 11, 2011 11:56 PM CDT up reply actions
Winner!
I’m on a gif/jpg rampage this morning…
" Answers --Become Resources."
Without Questions, There are limited Resources...
Stop loading the damm gifs
There is enough of that crap on rivals, dont you know those things are full of bugs
Hey Tubs this is the Wild West, Good guys wear white, were the Red Raiders we wear BLACK. ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dont buy the Espn/Disney/ABC hype ! Playoffs are just spin to hide their agenda of owning our favorite sport.
by Gus Mitchem on May 13, 2011 10:51 AM CDT up reply actions
Yes it is
the difference is that you are not shifting in and out of it….so when they bring the two TE’s and jumbo package you better put your big boy pants on and get closer to the line of scrimmage…..
"Trust your gut....mine always finds good Mexican food"
-Me
by oldschoolraider on May 12, 2011 5:03 PM CDT up reply actions
marcus coleman
was a damn nice raiderback and played a similar position to the third safety. If you check out John Goodner’s wikipedia- it mentions his 4-2-5 style of defense, which is similar-although he ran a 92 coverage most of the time he wasn’t in man. He would disguise and role coverages regularly, which worked very well.
"I would not trade the SWARM for the wrecking crew any day of the week"- John Goodner
by East Redraider on May 12, 2011 7:18 AM CDT up reply actions
I almost wrote this as one big post, but wanted to try to focus on each principle and try to take something out of it, so I appreciate it.
Go Raiders . . .
Double-T Nation
This is waaaay better than a huge post, break it down so us dummies can chew and digest....
Living large in Texas...Texas forever.
Good Defense
still requires good tackling. Tackling technique has not surfaced lately as a team strength.
Plus, controlled aggression. We need some fire on the defensive side of the ball.
Great work Seth !!
I have been thinking about the new defense for a while yet, and am happy to see the works of Patterson up for discussion.
It looks as if we are starting at the concept/vision level rather than at the detail level with the 5 goals:
1. Out hit the opponent.
2. Stop the run.
3. Create takeaways.
4. Eliminate big plays.
5. Don’t flinch.
These are the goals of an exceptionally successful defensive coach and his scheme / philosphy. If he put these in a paper to be presented to his peers, have no doubt that he means each and every goal is real, there are no combined goals and each stands alone for its own reason.
Out hit the opponent: This one sometimes is spoken to as tackle well or be great tacklers or some such…but the emphasis is not on tackling per se (although it may be in practice) but implies physicality as much as tackles. This takes me back to our last game with the toad, one in which they beat our recievers like rented mules with their physical play as they made stops….that reflected a mind set that goes beyond making a great tackle.
Stop the run: Yep, this looks cliche-ish….lots of coaches use this one, even at TTU, even through multiple DC’s…yet is it is not a cliche but a firm goal if you are a successful DC and if you are a focused commited player or assistant coach. Defense like offense—even Air Raid relies on the run to make the offense work correctly. Got to stop this fundamental, take it away from the other guys and get them into a one dimension offense-just passing…it talks about line of scrimmage play in many ways.
Create takeaways: or we want to be more than a run stopping, pass defending, td quenching defense, we want to be aggressive, and to be know as aggressive. We want to help win the game, not just work to prevent a loss, get the ball for our team, for our next score, for our win.
Eliminate bit plays: This one has to stand on its own, it is especially important and does not apply to just the 11+ people who play defense. What is the value for a defense to get a take away, even leading to a score, only to have the next play, say an on sides kick returned for a td by the bad guys ? Eliminate big plays !!! It is about getting on top of the game and staying there. Yes, it also implies not to give up the big play / easy score—I think there is more than that though.
Don’t flinch: And so is this one, stay on top of the game…we once talked about poise, the ability to manage adversity, the ability to manage success, the ability to focus and execute without influence from the swings in a game, a ref call, a fluky thingy, an on sides kick returned for a td. Poise !! Emotions are for after the game, hug then !! Dance then !! Celebrate then, and as a team !!
That is all I got !!
Tonight’s commentary has been brought to you by a fair dink’em box cabernet !! Night All !!
Living large in Texas...Texas forever.
So this is what happens when you chew and digest?
Good points all. Would really love an opportunity someday, to watch/hear the coach convey this to his players. Always interesting to see how a given coach gets his core messages across. As you say, each point has an expanded meaning, and while yours are solid – CG may have a different take altogether on some of them.

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